Ta ina Kungiyar Hizbullah ke samun kuɗaɗenta?
Published: 2nd, March 2025 GMT
Hanyar da ƙungiyar mayakan Hizbulla ta Lebanon ke samun kuɗaɗenta na sake fuskantar sabbin nazari, bayan wani harin sama da Israi’la ta kai a ƙarshen shekarar da ta gabata kan wata ƙungiyar hada-hadar kuɗi da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar.
Ƙungiyar Hizbulla ita ce runduna mafi karfi a Lebanon, kuma jam’iyyar siyasa ce na musulmai ’yan Shia mai karfin faɗa a ji.
Ƙungiyar na da karfi a majalisar Lebanon da gwamnati.
Isra’ila da wasu ƙasashen Yamma da dama sun ayyana Hizbulla a matsayin kungiyar ta’addanci.
Ƙungiyar ta shahara ne a shekarun 1980 domin adawa da Isra’ila, wanda dakarunta su ka mamaye Kudancin Lebanon lokacin yaƙin basasar ƙasar a 1975 zuwa 1990.
A watan Oktoba, dakarun IDF na Israila sun kai hari kan rassa daban daban na Al Kard Al Hassan (AKAH), su na zargin kungiyar Hizbulla da fakewa da ƙungiyar domin samun kuɗaɗen gudanar da ayyukansu.
AKAH ta musanta hakan, inda ta jaddada cewa kungiyar hada hadar kudin ta farar hula ce da ta ke bai wa mutanen da ke bukata kananan basusuka.
Fiye da watanni biyu da aka shafe ana faɗa tsakanin Hizbulla da Isra’ila a Lebanon a 2024 ya janyo lalata wurare daban daban da kungiyar da Iran ke marawa baya ke da ƙarfi.
Faɗan ya kawo karshe ne da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta wanda aka soma a watan Nuwamba sakamakon rushewar gwamnatin Assad a makwabiciya Syria.
Waɗannan abubuwa ka iya yin gagarumin tasiri kan samun kuɗin Hizbulla da kuma samun kayyaykin soji.
Sashen larabci na BBC ya tantance abin da aka sani kan manyan hanyoyin samun kuɗin.
Hizbulla da kuma Alaƙarta da Iran
A shekarar 2022, Ma’aikatar Harkokin wajen Amurka ta kiyasta cewa Iran na samar wa Hizbulla aƙalla Dala miliyan 700 duk shekara.
Jagoran Hizbulla marigayi Hassan Nasrallah, wanda aka kashe a wani harin sama na Isra’ila a Satumban 2024, a wani jawabinsa a 2016 ya yi alfahari da cewa babbar hanyan samun kuɗin ƙungiyar daga Iran ne.
Sai dai bai ambaci adadin kudin ba. ’’Kasafin kuɗin mu da albashinmu da ƙuɗaɗen kashewa da abinci da ruwa da makamai da makamai masu linzami na zuwa ne daga Iran,’’ in ji shi.
Iran na baiwa Hizbulla kuɗaɗe ta hanyar Rundunar juyin juya hali na ƙasar Iran (IRGC) wadda ta taimaka wajen kafa ƙungiyar a shekarun 1980.
IRCG ce kuma babbar hanyar samar wa Hizbulla makamai, ciki har da makamai masu linzami da jirage maras matuƙa.
Duka da dai kuɗaɗen da Iran ke basu ne shi ne kaso mafi girma na kasafin kuɗin Hizbulla a baya, ƙungiyar na kara dogaro da wasu hanyoyin, a cewar Hanin Ghaddar, ’’Saboda takunkuman da ke kan Iran, an dau wani lokaci da Iran ba ta iya aika wannan adadin kuɗin ga Hizbulla,’’ in ji Ghaddar.
Ƙungiyar ta cike giɓin kuɗaɗen ta take samu daga Iran da wasu haramtattun ayyuka, ciki har da halasta kudin haram, a cewar Matthew Lebitt, marubucin littafin ‘’Hizbulla.
Al-Kard Al-Hassan AKAH na ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da ake zargi da halastawa Hizbulla kuɗaɗen haram.
Kafin hare haren sama na Isra’ila kan ofisoshinsu a ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba, ƙungiyar na da fiye da rassa 30 wanda a lokuta da dama ofishin na ginin ƙasa na kasancewa gidajen zama.
Ƙungiyar na bai wa mutane ƙasar basuka wanda ba riba za su ba Dala, bayan sun bayar da zinare ko wani wanda zai tsaya musu, kuma sun buɗe asusun ajiyan kuɗi.
A cikin wani jawabinsa a 2021, Nasrallah ya ce AKAH sun samar da basusukan Dala biliyan 3.7 ga mutane miliyan 1.8 a Lebanon tun da aka kafa ta a farkon shekarun 1980, kuma aƙalla mutane 300,000 ne aka bai wa bashi a lokacin. ’’Bankin ba shi da niyyar samun riba. Ya na bayar da tallafin kuɗi ne musamman ga mutanen da ke ƙasar ,” a cewar Joseph Daher, malami kuma marubucin littafin ‘Hizbulla: The Political Economy of Lebanon’s Party of God’.
’’Sai dai akwai yiwuwar su na halastawa Hizbulla kuɗin haram,” In ji Daher.
Jim kaɗan bayan kai hari kan AKAH, Isra’ila ta zargi Hizbulla da amfani da cibiyar hada hadar kuɗin wajen “samarwa ayyukan ta’addancinta kuɗaɗe”.
Amurka ta kuma ƙaƙaba takunkumai kan ƙungiyar a 2007 a lokacin da hukumomi a Amurkan su ka ce Hizbulla na amfani da kungiyar a matsayin mafaka kan ayyukan kuɗaɗensu kuma su samu damar shiga tsarin hada hadar kuɗaɗen kasashen duniya.
Martanin AKAH AKAH ta mayar da martani kan ikirarin da akeyi na cewa ta na da alaƙa da Hizbulla, inda ta jaddada cewa ita ba ɓangaren samar da kudi ga ƙungiyar mayakan ba ce kuma ta musanta zargin halasta kuɗin haram.
Ƙungiyar ta ce tana cikin tsarin Hizbulla mai faɗi, inda ta mayar da hankali kan ayyukan jinƙai da ayyukan taimakawa jama’a, ba wai hada-hadar kuɗi ba ko zuba jari.
AKAH ta jaddada cewa ba su da wata alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen waje ko gwamnati, cikin har da Iran.
Ƙungiyar ta nanata kudirinta na yin komai a bayyane da kuma mayar da hankali kan ayyukan jinƙai, inda ta ce waɗannan batutuwan rashin fahimta ce kan ayyukanta.
Masu kutse na Spiderz
Rahotanni sun nuna cewa a watan Disamban 2020, wata ƙungiyar masu kutse mai suna SpiderZ ta kutsa cikin asusun kungiyar, inda suka bankado bayanai masu muhimmanci kamar jerin sunayen masu aro da masu ajiyar kudi da kuma hoton bidiyon kyamarorin tsaro daga wasu rassan su.
Gidauniyar kare Dimokuraɗiyya (FDD) da ke birnin Washington ta ce bayanan da aka samu bayan kutsen na nuna AKAH na kula da fiye da asusun ajiya 400,000, wanda da yawa daga cikinsu, kamar yadda su kayi ikirari, na da alaƙa da Hizbulla da Iran.
Gidauniyar FDD ta ce ba ta karɓar tallafi daga wata gwamnati kuma ta bayyana kanta a matsayin wadda ba ta ɓangaranci.
Sai dai ta na kallon Iran da Hizbulla a matsayin barazana ga Amurka da kawayenta.
Wani asusun ajiyar mai suna “Bali al-Fakih,” ana zargin na ofishin jagoran addini na Iran Ayatollah Ali Khamenei ne.
Cibiyoyi da ke da alaƙa da Khamenei kamar ƙungiyar Lebanon na Martyrs Foundation na da asusun ajiya da AKAH, kamar yadda FDD ta ruwaito.
AKAH ta tabbatar da samun kutse na ɗan gajeren lokaci a 2020, amma ta musanta ayyukanta da aka bayyana da kuma bayyana sunayen wasu daga cikin kwastomominta.
A lokacin da aka yi mata tambaya, AKAH ba ta amince ko musantawa BBC ba ko ta na kula da asusun ajiyan da ke da alaƙa da Ali Khamenei.
Sai dai ta ce duk wanda ke cikin Lebanon na iya samun asusu, cikin har da asusun karbar gudunmawa.
AKAH ta ce ba ta harka da cibiyoyin hada-hadar kuɗi daga waje kuma ba ta karɓar kuɗaɗe daga ƙasashen waje.
AKAH ta kuma bayyana cewa duk wani mazaunin Lebanon zai iya amfana da basukan da ta ke bayarwa, hakazalika, duk mazaunin Lebanan zai iya buɗe asusun ajiya kuma a ajiye kudi ciki ‘’saboda ayyukan sadaka ko na addini.
Alaƙar ta da Afirka
A cewar FDD, bayanan da aka samun bayan kutsen 2020 na nuna AKAH na da asusun ajiya ne mutanen da ba sa Lebanon, cikin har da Afirka da Kudancin Amurka. Hizbulla na da abokan kasuwanci da yawa a ƙasashen Afirka da dama.
Kuma su na da hannu a masana’antu da dama ciki har da na Lu’u Lu’u da kuma kasuwancin zane zane.
Alaƙar Latin Amurka
Ana kuma zargin Hizbulla na samun kuɗi ta hanyar safarar ƙwayoyin a yankin Latin Amurka.
A cewar masu binciken kwakwaf a Benezuela a 2011, sun bankado wani shirin safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi da halasta kuɗin haram na miliyoyin daloli, a cewar wani rahoton wata cibiyar MDD.
Shirin na Hizbulla na da alaƙa da Colombia da ƙungiyar mayaƙan the Farc, da kuma babban kungiyar safarar ƙwayoyi na Benezuela, a cewar cibiyar Majalisar ɗinkin duniya kan binciken laifuka da adalci a yakuna (Unicri).
Wata cibiyar bincike na MDD ta ce Hizbulla na da alaƙa da kungiyar ’yan tawaye ta Colombia na FARC Ƙungiyar ta yi ƙarfi a iyakar ƙasashen Brazil da Argentina da kuma Paraguay, kamar yadda Unicri ta ruwaito.
A gwamman shekaru da su ka gabata, baitul malin Amurka ya kuma sanya wa mutane da kasuwanci da dama takunkumai a ƙasashen, su na zarginsu da goyon bayan hanyoyin samun kuɗin Hizbulla.
Hassan Moukalled, ɗan kasuwa daga Lebanon da Amurka ta sanyawa takunkumi a 2023, ya ce waɗannan takunkuman Amurkan na siyasa ne.
Kwantiragi da Fasa kwauri da Kirifto
Rahotannin sun kuma nuna cewa Hizbulla na samun kuɗaɗenta ta wasu hanyoyin daban.
Ƙungiyar ta yi kokarin samun kuɗaɗe masu yawa ta hanyar ɓangaren kiwon lafiya, ilimi da ma wasu ɓangarorin a Lebanon.
Hizbulla na amfani da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar domin nema da kuma samun kwantiragi, inji wata takardar da Chatham House da ke Landan ta fitar a 2021.
Har ila yau binciken na kuma nuna cewa Hizbulla ta samu aƙalla Dala miliyan 300 duk wata ta hanyar safarar man dizil kan iyaka da Syria kafin a hamɓarar da tsohon Shugaban Syria Bashar al-Assad a Disamban 2024.
উৎস: Aminiya
কীওয়ার্ড: Isra ila Syria hada hadar kuɗi samun kuɗaɗen da asusun ajiya samun kuɗaɗe da ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar ta wa Hizbulla kan ayyukan a ƙungiyar
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