Mene ne matsayin azumin Sitta Shawwal a Mazhabar Malikiyya
Published: 1st, April 2025 GMT
Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah Ubangijin talikai; Tsira da Amincin Allah su kara tabbata ga mafificin halitta Annabi Muhammad da alayensa da sahabbansa da masu bin su da kyautatawa har zuwa Ranar Karshe.
Bayan haka, a karshen ko wane azumin watan Ramadan akan samu tambayoyi kan matsayin azumin Sitta Shawwal a Mazhabar Imamuna Malik (RA) da hukuncin azumtarsu kafin biyan azumin Ramadan musamman ga iyaye mata.
A yau za mu gabatar da wani abu kan bayanan malaman wannan mazhaba game da wannan lamari musamman ganin ana samun wadanda suke ganin azumin bai inganta ba:
Shin ya wajaba a gabatar da biyan azumin Ramadan kafin yin Sitta Shawwal?
Mai tambaya ya yi tambaya cewa: Mace ce akwai azumin Ramadan a kanta. Shin za ta gabatar da biya ne daga farko ko za ta fara azumin Sitta Shawwal?
Amsa: Idan za ta iya hada biyan da azumin Sitta Shawwal a cikin watan Shawwal, sai ta fara da biyan Ramadan domin bin ka’idar “Gabatar da abin da yake wajibi shi ne mafifici.”
Ranar Idi: Takaddamar ganin wata a bana Dalilin da ya sa muka yi Idi ranar Asabar —Dahiru BauchiIdan kuma ba za ta iya hada su ba, sai ta gabatar da Sitta Shawwal da ake tsoron kubucewarsa, domin aiki da ka’idar “Gabatar da abin da ake tsoron kubucewarsa.”
Fatawar Sheikh Abdullahi Bin Tahir As-Susiy, ta ranar 8 ga Shawwal 1439 BH (22/6/2018).
Azumin Sitta Shawwal a tsakanin mustahabbanci da karhanci
Ibn Jaziy ya ce azumin Sitta Shawwal na daga cikin mustahabbai, inda ya ce: “Mustahabbi ne azumtar watanni masu alfarma da kwana shida a watan Shawwal.”
Sidi Khalil kuma ya sanya shi cikin makaruhai inda ya ce: “An ki bidu, kamar Sitta Shawwal.”
To amma abin da ya fi shi ne mustahabbi ne azumtarsu saboda fadinsa (SAW): “Wanda ya azumci Ramadan sannan ya bi shi da Sitta Shawwal kamar ya yi azumin shekara ce” (Muslim ya ruwaito).
Wannan saboda kowane aiki yana da lada goma, azumin watan Ramadan yana daidai da wata goma, na kwana shida na Shawwal wata biyu.
Amma masu dogaro da karhanci suna yi ne kawai don ka’idar nan ta toshe kafar auka wa barna (Sadduz Zari’a).
Dalilin Imam Malik
Imam Malik (Allah Ya yi masa rahama) ya karhanta bin Ramadan da Sitta Shawwal ne don kada jahilai su mayar da hakan wajibi idan zamani ya yi tsawo, ta yadda za su kara a cikin addini abin da ba ya cikinsa.
Wato yana kiyaye nassin shari’a kada a yi tawili mutane su shar’anta wa kansu wajibcin abin da ba a wajabta musu ba.
Amma idan mutum ya san addini ya halalta ya azumce shi a kashin kansa saboda hukunci yana juyawa ne tare da illarsa da kyautata shi ko rashinsa.
Don haka malamanmu suka ce: “Karhancin an daure shi ne da sadar da shi da Ramadan kuma a yi shi a jere, kuma mutum ya rika nuna wa mutane yana yin azuminsu idan ya kasance wanda ake koyi da shi. Don haka idan aka rasa wadannan babu karhanci a ciki”.
Alkhidabi ya ce: “Malik (Allah Ya yi masa rahama) ya karhanta haka ne tsoron kada a riskar da Ramadan da abin da ba ya cikinsa daga bangaren jahilai da masu kekasar zuciya.
“Amma mutum a kashin kansa ba a karhanta masa azumtarsu ba” (Mawahibul Jalili na Khidabi, Mujalladi na 2 shafi na 414).
Shi kuwa Ad-Dardiyar ya ce: “An karhanta wa wanda ake koyi da shi ya sadar da shi (Sitta Shawwal) da Ramadan a jere kuma ya rika bayyana hakan yana mai kudurta Sunnah ce a sadar da su” (As-Sharhul Kabir Mujalladi na 1 shafi na 51).
Al-Khurshiy ya ce: “Wannan (karhancin) idan ya azumce su ne yana mai sadar da su da Ramadan kuma ya yi su a jere kuma yana bayyana hakan tare da kudurta sunnacin sadar da su, idan bai yi haka ba, babu karhanci” (Mukhtasar Khalil na Alkhurshiy mujalladi na 2 shafi na 243).
Ba tufka da warwara
Da wadannan hujjoji ya bayyana a gare mu cewa babu tufka da warwara a kan abin da Ibn Jaziy ya tafi a kansa na sanya wannan azumi a cikin mustahabbai da abin da Khalil ya tsayu a kansa na sanya azumin a matsayin makaruhi.
Maganar Khalil ta tafi ne a kan idan aka yi azumin Sitta Shawwal a jere tare da sadar da su da Ramadan, wato ana kare Ramadan mutum ya zarce da su kuma ya yi su a jere.
Kuma maganar Ibn Jaziy tana nufin idan aka azumce su a kwanaki daban-daban kuma ba a sadar da su da Ramadan ba.
Wannan daidaito tsakanin maganganun biyu ya kiyaye abin da ya fi shahara a mazhabar.
Kuma za a iya daukar Ibn Jaziy ya zabi mustahabbantarwar mudalaki bisa tafiya kan cewa maganar Imam Malik ta faru ne saboda Hadisin da ya gabata bai riske shi ba, kamar yadda malamai da dama suka ambaci haka (akwai maganganu kan cewa Hadisin bai riski Malik ba).
Allah ne Mafi sani.
Fatawar Sheikh Al-Iydu bin Zaddah Aljaza’iri:
Shin ya halalta a yi azumin Sitta Shawwal a wuni na biyu bayan Idi?
Azumin Sitta Shawwal da lokacin fara shi:
Ya halalta ga Musulmi ya fara azumin Sitta Shawwal bayan Idi, ma’ana a rana ta biyu ta watan Shawwal.
Wannan saboda abin da Imam Muslim ya ruwaito ne a Sahihinsa daga Abu Ayyuba Al-Ansari (RA) ya ce: “Manzon Allah (SAW) ya ce: ‘Wanda ya azumci Ramadan sannan ya bi shi da shida daga cikin Shawwal, kamar ya yi azumin shekara ce.’
Fadinsa (SAW) “Daga cikin Shawwal,” manuniya ce da ta kunshi daukacin ranakun watan Shawwal in aka cire Ranar Idi, saboda tabbatar hani kan azumtarta.
Idin Fidir kuwa rana daya ce ba ranaku ne masu yawa ba, sabanin Idin Layya wanda aka hada shi da hanin Ayyamut Tashriki guda uku, wadanda a kansu (SAW) ya ce: “Ayyamut Tashriki-Ranaku ne na ci da sha da ambaton Allah.”
Wanda ya zumci Sitta Shawwal
Bisa ga abin da ya gabata nake cewa: Babu laifi ko karhanci a fara azumin Sitta Shawwal a rana ta biyu ta watan Shawwal, hakika haka ma na iya zama mafi falala saboda abin da ke cikinsa na gaggawa da rigegeniya zuwa ga aikata ayyukan alheri.
Kuma da abin da ke cikinsa na tabbatar da bin abin da ke cikin fadinsa (SAW): “Wanda ya azumci Ramadan sannan ya bi shi da shida daga cikin Shawwal kamar ya yi azumin shekara ce.”
Kuma wanda ake bin shi azumin Ramadan, ya fi kyau ya gabatar da biyan a kan azumin nafila, domin Musulmi ba ya hakkake cewa ya yi azumin Ramadan sai ya biya bashin Ramadan da ke kansa.
Ba ya hakkake ya bi bayan Ramadan da Sitta Shawwal har sai ya azumci farilla daga farko.
Wannan saboda samuwar hadisan da suka fassara kuma suka yi bayanin ma’anar azumin shekara kuma lallai hakan na cikin babin aiki daya lada goma a madadinsa.
Misali Hadisin da Imam Ahmad da wadansu suka ruwaito daga Sauban (RA) cewa, “Lallai Annabi (SAW) ya ce: ‘Azumin Ramadan daidai yake da azumin wata goma, azumin wuni shida a bayansa na daidai da wata biyu, wannan ne cikar shekara.’”
Allah (SWT) ne Mafi daukaka kuma Mafi sani.
Muhimmin karin haske: (Wannan ba maganar Shehin ba ce).
“Hakika na duba wata fatawa ta daban (yana nufin jawabin Sheikh Abdullahi Bintahir (Hafizahullah). Kuma ban ga wata tufka da warwara kan abin da na ce a cikin amsata ba… Wannan saboda abin da ke tafe ne…”
A biyo mu a mako mai zuwa don ci gaba da karanta wannan fatawa.
উৎস: Aminiya
কীওয়ার্ড: Ramadan Sitta Shawwal azumin Sitta Shawwal a da Sitta Shawwal azumin Ramadan azumin shekara Wannan saboda a gabatar da ya yi azumin sadar da su
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